FC6 beryl 0.2.1 编译安装手记


这段时间看到网上流行Beryl的3D桌面,自己也想装一个。

可是到网上一搜,都是用extras源安装的,要知道我是在公司上网,而家里的电脑根本不能上网呀,于是我找到了两个方法,第一就是到FC的软件仓库中下载相应的rpm包;第二就是去beryl官方网站下载最新的源码包自己编译安装,我选择了自己编译安装的这条路,之所以这样选是由于我不喜欢一切都是现成的可以拿来就用的,想自己多动一点手(虽然编译安装也很简单)。可这条路并不平坦,我苦弄了 3天beryl终于可以工作了,不要笑我,我也是菜鸟一族呀。把自己的经历写下来希望能给和我一样的新手兄弟一点帮助。第一次写文章,乱了一点,请大家多多包涵,多提宝贵意见。

一、由于我的电脑是nforce 6100 集成,所以首先安装NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-9755-pkg1.run。

安装完后最后,选择让NVIDIA自动配置xorg.conf文件。
NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-9755-pkg1.run下载地址:
http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree8...-9755-pkg1.run
 
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注:我安装显卡驱动没有成功,自动修改xorg.conf不正确,导致分辨率只有1024×768,修改不了,我又安装了版本稍微低点的驱动,还是不行。然后我又用NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-9755-pkg1.run安装了一次,重启后奇迹出现了,成功了^_^.不知道以前是怎么回事。可能是把xorg.conf改名以后载装驱动就ok了。 不知道那位兄弟知道,呵呵。
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二、更改/etc/X11/xorg.conf配置文件。

先备份原来的配置文件cp xorg.conf xorg.conf.bak, 然后在xorg.conf中Module段加入
SubSection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga"
EndSubSection
在Device段中加入
Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
Option "AllowGLXWithComposite" "True"
Option "RenderAccel" "True"
在配置文件的最后加入
Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "Enable"
EndSection
为了确认更改是否有效先要重启X,然后单击 系统->首选项->Desktop Effects,在弹出的Desktop Effects窗口中点击Enable Desktop Effects按钮,此时应该可以打开Compiz的3D效果了,如果不能打开Compiz的3D效果则说明配置文件修改可能有误,需要再仔细检查一下。以下是我的xorg.conf配置,仅供参考。
# nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig
# nvidia-xconfig: version 1.0 (buildmeister@builder3) Mon Feb 26 23:38:46 PST 2007
# Xorg configuration created by pyxf86config
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0
InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection
Section "Files"
EndSection
Section "Module"
###For Beryl, Begian###################
SubSection "extmod"
Option "omit xfree86-dga"
EndSubSection
###For Beryl, End######################
Load "glx"
EndSection
Section "InputDevice"
# generated from default
Identifier "Mouse0"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Keyboard0"
Driver "kbd"
Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
Option "XkbLayout" "us"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Monitor0"
VendorName "Unknown"
ModelName "Unknown"
HorizSync 30.0 - 110.0
VertRefresh 50.0 - 150.0
Option "DPMS"
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "Videocard0"
Driver "nvidia"
###For Beryl, Begian###################
Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "True"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
Option "AllowGLXWithComposite" "True"
Option "RenderAccel" "True"
###For Beryl, End###################
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Videocard0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Viewport 0 0
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
###For Beryl, Begian###################
Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "Enable"
EndSection
###For Beryl, End###################

三、beryl的安装

如果以上都没有问题了,就可以进行beryl的安装了。
到http://www.beryl-project.org/releases.php网站将
? aquamarine-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? beryl-core-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? beryl-manager-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? beryl-plugins-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? beryl-plugins-unsupported-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? beryl-settings-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? beryl-settings-bindings-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? beryl-settings-simple-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? emerald-0.2.1.tar.bz2
? emerald-themes-0.2.1.tar.bz2

下载到本地,基本上以下面的顺序进行安装:

beryl-core-0.2.1,beryl-plugins-0.2.1, beryl-plugins-unsupported-0.2.1,beryl-settings-bindings-0.2.1,beryl- settings-0.2.1,beryl-settings-simple-0.2.1,emerald-0.2.1,emerald-themes- 0.2.1,aquamarine-0.2.1,beryl-manager-0.2.1
以下我把我安装过程中产生的问题及解决办法介绍一下:
1、 安装beryl-core-0.2.1
tar jxvf beryl-core-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd beryl-core-0.2.1
./configure

这时出现了以下的错误:

checking for perl... /usr/bin/perl
checking for XML::Parser... configure: error: XML::Parser perl module is required for intltool

解决办法:

下载并安装XML-Parser-2.34
http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/...er-2.34.tar.gz
安装XML-Parser-2.34:
tar zxvf XML-Parser-2.34.tar.gz
cd XML-Parser-2.34
perl Makefile.PL
make
make install
安装完XML-Parser-2.34后,再次进入beryl-core-0.2.1文件夹
cd beryl-core-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
顺利完成安装。
2、安装beryl-plugins-0.2.1
tar jxvf beryl-plugins-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd beryl-plugins-0.2.1
./configure

出现如下错误:

configure: Using PKG_CONFIG_PATH=NONE/lib/pkgconfig
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for BERYL... configure: error: Package requirements (beryl) were not met:
No package 'beryl' found
Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.
Alternatively, you may set the environment variables BERYL_CFLAGS
and BERYL_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

解决办法:

先设置PKG_CONFIG_PATH路径:
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/
然后再:./configure && make && make install
顺利完成安装。
3、安装beryl-plugins-unsupported-0.2.1
tar jxvf beryl-plugins-unsupported-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd beryl-plugins-unsupported-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
4、安装beryl-settings-bindings-0.2.1
tar jxvf beryl-settings-bindings-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd beryl-settings-bindings-0.2.1
./configure
出现如下错误:
checking for pyrexc... no
configure: error: Couldn't find Pyrex

解决办法:

下载并安装Pyrex-0.9.5.1a:
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/gre....9.5.1a.tar.gz
安装Pyrex-0.9.5.1a:
tar zxvf Pyrex-0.9.5.1a.tar.gz
cd Pyrex-0.9.5.1a
python setup.py install
安装完成Pyrex-0.9.5.1a后再进行beryl-settings-bindings-0.2.1的安装:
cd beryl-settings-bindings-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
顺利完成安装。
5、安装beryl-settings-0.2.1
tar jxvf beryl-settings-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd beryl-settings-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
6、安装beryl-settings-simple-0.2.1
tar jxvf beryl-settings-simple-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd beryl-settings-simple-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
7、安装emerald-0.2.1
tar jxvf emerald-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd emerald-0.2.1
./configure

出现如下错误:
configure: Using PKG_CONFIG_PATH=NONE/lib/pkgconfig:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for EMERALD... configure: error: Package requirements ( xrender >= 0.8.4 gtk+-2.0 >= 2.8.0 libwnck-1.0 pangocairo libberyldecoration ) were not met:
No package 'libwnck-1.0' found
Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.
Alternatively, you may set the environment variables EMERALD_CFLAGS
and EMERALD_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

解决办法:
下载并安装libwnck-2.18.0
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sourc...2.18.0.tar.bz2
安装:
tar jxvf libwnck-2.18.0.tar.bz2
cd libwnck-2.18.0
./configure && make && make install
安装完成libwnck-2.18.0后再进行emerald-0.2.1的安装
cd emerald-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
顺利完成安装。
6、安装emerald-themes-0.2.1
tar jxvf emerald-themes-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd emerald-themes-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
7、安装aquamarine-0.2.1
tar jxvf aquamarine-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd aquamarine-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
8、安装beryl-manager-0.2.1
tar jxvf beryl-manager-0.2.1.tar.bz2
cd beryl-manager-0.2.1
./configure && make && make install
安装完毕,进入Xwindow,在终端中输入beryl-manager,就可以启动beryl3D桌面效果了。
但“beryl设置管理器”不能打开,单击“beryl设置管理器”终端中显示如下错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/bin/beryl-settings", line 22, in ?
import berylsettings
ImportError: No module named berylsettings

解决办法:
建立符号链接,将/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/中的文件链接到/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/中就可以了。
ln -s /usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/* /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/
做完以上工作后beryl的工作就一切正常了,“beryl设置管理器”也可以正常启动了。
 
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到这了就ok了 ,你就可以看到berly的桌面了,good
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