今天，我在测试机器上来了个误操作rm * backup/*,把正在运行的数据库中的数据文件全部删除了，真是郁闷!还好这个是给我们新人们测试玩的，要不然就死定了!在此也做一个提醒，身为DBA，要永远记住什么慎用或者禁止使用rm命令，万不得以的情况下，
使用时在敲enter也要看了又看、慎重又慎重才行!好了，费话不说了，下面请看我的过程。
Red Hat Enterprise 3 + Oracle 10g Release 2
$su – oracle
1、设置系统环境变量
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/10.2
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_SID=dbtest
......
2、系统规划
实例名称ORACLE_SID=dbtest
数据库名称DB_NAME=dbtest
3、手工创建如下目录
/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/cdump
/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/bdump
/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/udump
/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/pfile
/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/
/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/archive
4、建立密码文件
orapwd file=/opt/oracle/product/10.2/dbs/orapwd_dbtest password=superman
5、修改参数文件
格式：/opt/oracle/product/10.2/dbs/init.ora
实例：/opt/oracle/product/10.2/dbs/initdbtest.ora
内容如下：
dbtest.__db_cache_size=331350016 dbtest.__java_pool_size=4194304 dbtest.__large_pool_size=8388608 dbtest.__shared_pool_size=138412032 dbtest.__streams_pool_size=0 *._kgl_large_heap_warning_threshold=8388608 *.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/adump' *.background_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/bdump' *.compatible='10.2.0.1.0' *.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/control01.ctl', '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/control02.ctl', '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/control03.ctl' *.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/cdump' *.db_2k_cache_size=33554432 *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=128 *.db_files=4000 *.db_name='dbtest' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4294967296 *.db_recovery_file_dest='' *.log_archive_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/archive' *.log_checkpoints_to_alert=FALSE *.open_cursors=300 *.parallel_execution_message_size=65535 *.parallel_max_servers=128 *.pga_aggregate_target=209715200 *.processes=150 *.recyclebin='OFF' *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.replication_dependency_tracking=FALSE *.session_cached_cursors=100 *.sga_target=500m *.shared_pool_size=100m *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_retention=0 *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTS' *.user_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/udump' *.workarea_size_policy='AUTO' _allow_resetlogs_corruption=true
可将此文件复制到：/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/pfile/init.ora
6、登陆oracle
> sqlplus “/ as sysdba”
7、启动实例
SQL> startup nomount pfile=/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/pfile/init.ora
8、创建数据库的脚本
CREATE DATABASE dbtest LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/redo01.log','/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/redo01_1.log') size 100m reuse, GROUP 2 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/redo02.log','/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/redo02_1.log') size 100m reuse, GROUP 3 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/redo03.log','/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/redo03_1.log') size 100m reuse MAXLOGFILES 50 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 200 MAXDATAFILES 500 MAXINSTANCES 5 ARCHIVELOG CHARACTER SET UTF8 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET UTF8 DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/system01.dbf' SIZE 1000M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SYSAUX DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 1000M UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTS DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/undo.dbf' SIZE 500M DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/temp.dbf' SIZE 500M ;
9、运行如下文件(安装下面的先后顺序)
/opt/oracle/product/10.2/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
/opt/oracle/product/10.2/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
10、创建相关表空间与用户
CREATE TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/users01.dbf' SIZE 1000M;---数据表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE INDX DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/dbtest/indx01.dbf' SIZE 1000M;---在建立索引的时候把此表空间作为存储空间，即单独用一个表空间来存储索引，这是个好习惯，虽然我们没有办法建立一个默认的索引表空间!
CREATE USER test IDENTIFIED BY test DEFAULT TABLESPACE users ;---测试用户
GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE TO test;
11、一点注意的地方
1>相关文件的目录要设置正确，有数据文件，控制文件，参数文件等，还有就是它们的位置要与控制文件中指定的要一致。
2>init.ora中的undo_tablespace的名字必须要与create database的相同，包括大小写等注意。否则很麻烦，报的错误你都不知道是不是在忽悠你!总之，一句话，控制文件中的内容要和init文件中的内容以及要和实际文件的实际情况要相同。
3>分析数据库出错可以到/opt/oracle/admin/dbtest/bdump/alert_dbtest.log中查找