本文主要和大家分享apache poi根据模板导出excel，需要预先新建编辑好一个excel文件，设置好样式。编辑好输出的数据，根据excel坐标一一对应。支持列表数据输出，列表中列合并。
代码如下：
package com.icourt.util;import org.apache.commons.collections4.CollectionUtils;import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;import java.io.*;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Map.Entry;import java.util.regex.Matcher;import java.util.regex.Pattern;/**
* 描述:poi根据模板导出excel,根据excel坐标赋值,如(B1) */public class ExcelExportUtil {//模板mapprivate Map<String, Workbook> tempWorkbook = new HashMap<String, Workbook>();//模板输入流mapprivate Map<String, InputStream> tempStream = new HashMap<String, InputStream>();/** * 功能:按模板向Excel中相应地方填充数据 */public void writeData(String templateFilePath, Map<String, Object> dataMap, int sheetNo) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {if (dataMap == null || dataMap.isEmpty()) {return;
}//读取模板Workbook wbModule = getTempWorkbook(templateFilePath);//数据填充的sheetSheet wsheet = wbModule.getSheetAt(sheetNo);for (Entry<String, Object> entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {
String point = entry.getKey();
Object data = entry.getValue();
TempCell cell = getCell(point, data, wsheet);//指定坐标赋值 setCell(cell, wsheet);
}//设置生成excel中公式自动计算wsheet.setForceFormulaRecalculation(true);
}/** * 功能:按模板向Excel中列表填充数据.只支持列合并 */public void writeDateList(String templateFilePath, String[] heads, List<Map<Integer, Object>> datalist, int sheetNo) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {if (heads == null || heads.length <= 0 || CollectionUtils.isEmpty(datalist)) {return;
}//读取模板Workbook wbModule = getTempWorkbook(templateFilePath);//数据填充的sheetSheet wsheet = wbModule.getSheetAt(sheetNo);//列表数据模板cellList<TempCell> tempCells = new ArrayList<TempCell>(heads.length);for (String point : heads) {
TempCell tempCell = getCell(point, null, wsheet);//取得合并单元格位置 -1:表示不是合并单元格int pos = isMergedRegion(wsheet, tempCell.getRow(), tempCell.getColumn());if (pos > -1) {
CellRangeAddress range = wsheet.getMergedRegion(pos);
tempCell.setColumnSize(range.getLastColumn() - range.getFirstColumn());
}
tempCells.add(tempCell);
}//赋值for (int i = 0; i < datalist.size(); i++) {//数据行Map<Integer, Object> dataMap = datalist.get(i);for (int j = 0; j < tempCells.size(); j++) {//列TempCell tempCell = tempCells.get(j);
tempCell.setData(dataMap.get(j + 1));
setCell(tempCell, wsheet);
tempCell.setRow(tempCell.getRow() + 1);
}
}
}/** * 功能:获取输入工作区 */private Workbook getTempWorkbook(String templateFilePath) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {if (!tempWorkbook.containsKey(templateFilePath)) {
InputStream inputStream = getInputStream(templateFilePath);
tempWorkbook.put(templateFilePath, WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream));
}return tempWorkbook.get(templateFilePath);
}/** * 功能:获得模板输入流 */private InputStream getInputStream(String templateFilePath) throws FileNotFoundException {if (!tempStream.containsKey(templateFilePath)) {
tempStream.put(templateFilePath, new FileInputStream((templateFilePath)));
}return tempStream.get(templateFilePath);
}/** * 功能:获取单元格数据,样式(根据坐标:B3) */private TempCell getCell(String point, Object data, Sheet sheet) {
TempCell tempCell = new TempCell();//得到列 字母String lineStr = "";
String reg = "[A-Z]+";
Pattern p = Pattern.compile(reg);
Matcher m = p.matcher(point);while (m.find()) {
lineStr = m.group();
}//将列字母转成列号 根据ascii转换char[] ch = lineStr.toCharArray();int column = 0;for (int i = 0; i < ch.length; i++) {char c = ch[i];int post = ch.length - i - 1;int r = (int) Math.pow(10, post);
column = column + r * ((int) c - 65);
}
tempCell.setColumn(column);//得到行号reg = "[1-9]+";
p = Pattern.compile(reg);
m = p.matcher(point);while (m.find()) {
tempCell.setRow((Integer.parseInt(m.group()) - 1));
}//获取模板指定单元格样式,设置到tempCell(写列表数据的时候用)Row rowIn = sheet.getRow(tempCell.getRow());if (rowIn == null) {
rowIn = sheet.createRow(tempCell.getRow());
}
Cell cellIn = rowIn.getCell(tempCell.getColumn());if (cellIn == null) {
cellIn = rowIn.createCell(tempCell.getColumn());
}
tempCell.setCellStyle(cellIn.getCellStyle());
tempCell.setData(data);return tempCell;
}/** * 功能:给指定坐标单元格赋值 */private void setCell(TempCell tempCell, Sheet sheet) {if (tempCell.getColumnSize() > -1) {
CellRangeAddress rangeAddress = mergeRegion(sheet, tempCell.getRow(), tempCell.getRow(), tempCell.getColumn(), tempCell.getColumn() + tempCell.getColumnSize());
setRegionStyle(tempCell.getCellStyle(), rangeAddress, sheet);
}
Row rowIn = sheet.getRow(tempCell.getRow());if (rowIn == null) {
copyRows(tempCell.getRow() - 1, tempCell.getRow() - 1, tempCell.getRow(), sheet);//复制上一行rowIn = sheet.getRow(tempCell.getRow());
}
Cell cellIn = rowIn.getCell(tempCell.getColumn());if (cellIn == null) {
cellIn = rowIn.createCell(tempCell.getColumn());
}//根据data类型给cell赋值if (tempCell.getData() instanceof String) {
cellIn.setCellValue((String) tempCell.getData());
} else if (tempCell.getData() instanceof Integer) {
cellIn.setCellValue((int) tempCell.getData());
} else if (tempCell.getData() instanceof Double) {
cellIn.setCellValue((double) tempCell.getData());
} else {
cellIn.setCellValue((String) tempCell.getData());
}//样式if (tempCell.getCellStyle() != null && tempCell.getColumnSize() == -1) {
cellIn.setCellStyle(tempCell.getCellStyle());
}
}/** * 功能:写到输出流并移除资源 */public void writeAndClose(String templateFilePath, OutputStream os) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {if (getTempWorkbook(templateFilePath) != null) {
getTempWorkbook(templateFilePath).write(os);
tempWorkbook.remove(templateFilePath);
}if (getInputStream(templateFilePath) != null) {
getInputStream(templateFilePath).close();
tempStream.remove(templateFilePath);
}
}/** * 功能:判断指定的单元格是否是合并单元格 */private Integer isMergedRegion(Sheet sheet, int row, int column) {for (int i = 0; i < sheet.getNumMergedRegions(); i++) {
CellRangeAddress range = sheet.getMergedRegion(i);int firstColumn = range.getFirstColumn();int lastColumn = range.getLastColumn();int firstRow = range.getFirstRow();int lastRow = range.getLastRow();if (row >= firstRow && row <= lastRow) {if (column >= firstColumn && column <= lastColumn) {return i;
}
}
}return -1;
}/** * 功能:合并单元格 */private CellRangeAddress mergeRegion(Sheet sheet, int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol) {
CellRangeAddress rang = new CellRangeAddress(firstRow, lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
sheet.addMergedRegion(rang);return rang;
}/** * 功能:设置合并单元格样式 */private void setRegionStyle(CellStyle cs, CellRangeAddress region, Sheet sheet) {for (int i = region.getFirstRow(); i <= region.getLastRow(); i++) {
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);if (row == null) row = sheet.createRow(i);for (int j = region.getFirstColumn(); j <= region.getLastColumn(); j++) {
Cell cell = row.getCell(j);if (cell == null) {
cell = row.createCell(j);
cell.setCellValue("");
}
cell.setCellStyle(cs);
}
}
}/** * 功能:copy rows */private void copyRows(int startRow, int endRow, int pPosition, Sheet sheet) {int pStartRow = startRow - 1;int pEndRow = endRow - 1;int targetRowFrom;int targetRowTo;int columnCount;
CellRangeAddress region = null;int i;int j;if (pStartRow == -1 || pEndRow == -1) {return;
}// 拷贝合并的单元格for (i = 0; i < sheet.getNumMergedRegions(); i++) {
region = sheet.getMergedRegion(i);if ((region.getFirstRow() >= pStartRow)&& (region.getLastRow() <= pEndRow)) {
targetRowFrom = region.getFirstRow() - pStartRow + pPosition;
targetRowTo = region.getLastRow() - pStartRow + pPosition;
CellRangeAddress newRegion = region.copy();
newRegion.setFirstRow(targetRowFrom);
newRegion.setFirstColumn(region.getFirstColumn());
newRegion.setLastRow(targetRowTo);
newRegion.setLastColumn(region.getLastColumn());
sheet.addMergedRegion(newRegion);
}
}// 设置列宽for (i = pStartRow; i <= pEndRow; i++) {
Row sourceRow = sheet.getRow(i);
columnCount = sourceRow.getLastCellNum();if (sourceRow != null) {
Row newRow = sheet.createRow(pPosition - pStartRow + i);
newRow.setHeight(sourceRow.getHeight());for (j = 0; j < columnCount; j++) {
Cell templateCell = sourceRow.getCell(j);if (templateCell != null) {
Cell newCell = newRow.createCell(j);
copyCell(templateCell, newCell);
}
}
}
}
}/** * 功能:copy cell,不copy值 */private void copyCell(Cell srcCell, Cell distCell) {
distCell.setCellStyle(srcCell.getCellStyle());if (srcCell.getCellComment() != null) {
distCell.setCellComment(srcCell.getCellComment());
}int srcCellType = srcCell.getCellType();
distCell.setCellType(srcCellType);
}/** * 描述:临时单元格数据 */class TempCell {private int row;private int column;private CellStyle cellStyle;private Object data;//用于列表合并,表示几列合并private int columnSize = -1;public int getColumn() {return column;
}public void setColumn(int column) {this.column = column;
}public int getRow() {return row;
}public void setRow(int row) {this.row = row;
}public CellStyle getCellStyle() {return cellStyle;
}public void setCellStyle(CellStyle cellStyle) {this.cellStyle = cellStyle;
}public Object getData() {return data;
}public void setData(Object data) {this.data = data;
}public int getColumnSize() {return columnSize;
}public void setColumnSize(int columnSize) {this.columnSize = columnSize;
}
}public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException, InvalidFormatException {
String templateFilePath = ExcelExportUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResource("plugin/ProTiming.xlsx").getPath();
File file = new File("/Users/sql/Downloads/test/data.xlsx");
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file);
ExcelExportUtil excel = new ExcelExportUtil();
Map<String, Object> dataMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
dataMap.put("B1", "03_Alpha_项目工作时间统计表");
dataMap.put("B2", "统计时间：2017/01/01 - 2017/03/31");
excel.writeData(templateFilePath, dataMap, 0);
List<Map<Integer, Object>> datalist = new ArrayList<Map<Integer, Object>>();
Map<Integer, Object> data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "3/10/17");
data.put(2, "18:50");
data.put(3, "19:00");
data.put(4, "李子鹏");
data.put(5, "新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用新增项目键值对接口,供任务计时调用");
data.put(6, "代码开发");
data.put(7, "3.17");
datalist.add(data);
data = new HashMap<Integer, Object>();
data.put(1, "");
data.put(2, "");
data.put(3, "");
data.put(4, "");
data.put(5, "");
data.put(6, "");
data.put(7, "");
datalist.add(data);
String[] heads = new String[]{"B4", "C4", "D4", "E4", "F4", "G4", "H4"};
excel.writeDateList(templateFilePath, heads, datalist, 0);//写到输出流并移除资源 excel.writeAndClose(templateFilePath, os);
os.flush();
os.close();
}
}
大体思路：
最主要是制作好模版
代码根据模版，读取设置好的列的格式，在循环数据行，读取模版中的对应的行，存在该行就取得，不存在看是否需要copy某一行，不需要就手动创建无制定格式的行，后面在为该行的每一列对应的给个单元格制定格式和数据。
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