MySQL群集双机模拟方案


硬件配置
  
  普通PC server * 2 (最小集群环境需要4台服务器)
  
  模拟环境
  
  red hat linux9 for x86 (or red hat AS 2以上版本),glibc-2.2, static, gcc
  
  MySQL版本4.1.12 binares
  
  mysql-max binary版本目前只支持linux、max os x和solaris
  
  本方案不涉及从源代码编译安装
  
  主机 IP地址 用途
  
  ndb1_mgmd_sqld 1192.168.1.100 Ndb node1+mgmd node1+sqld node1
  ndb2_sqld2 192.168.1.200 Ndb node2+sqld node2
  
  Mgmd:management server
  sqld:mysql server
  ndb:storaged node (share-nothing,base in memory)
  
  安装
  
  从http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/4.1.html下载mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz到/var/tmp
  Storage and SQL Node Installation
  
  在两台主机上执行如下过程
  
  shell>groupadd mysql
  shell>useradd -g mysql mysql
  shell>tar zxfv mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz
  shell>cp -vr mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686
  shell>cd /usr/local
  shell>ln -s mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 mysql
  shell>cd mysql;scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
  shell>chown -R root .;chown -R mysql data;chgrp -R mysql .
  shell>cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
  shell>chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server
  shell>chkconfig --add mysql.server
  shell>chkconfig –level 3 mysql.server off
  Management Node Installation
  
  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
  
  shell>cd /var/tmp
  shell>tar -zxvf mysql-max-4.1.12a-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz /usr/local/bin '*/bin/ndb_mgm*'
  Configuration
  Configuring the Storage and SQL Nodes
  
  在两台主机上执行如下过程:
  
  shell>vi /etc/my.cnf
  [MYSQLD]             # Options for mysqld process:
  ndbcluster           # run NDB engine
  ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100  # location of MGM node
  
  [MYSQL_CLUSTER]         # Options for ndbd process:
  ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100  # location of MGM node
  
  Configuring the Management Node
  
  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
  
  shell>mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
  shell>cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster
  shell>vi config.ini
  [NDBD DEFAULT]   # Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
  NoOfReplicas=2   # Number of replicas
  DataMemory=80M   # How much memory to allocate for data storage
  IndexMemory=52M  # How much memory to allocate for index storage
  # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
  # default values. Since the "world" database takes up
  # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for
  # this example Cluster setup.
  [TCP DEFAULT]
  
  [NDB_MGMD]        # Management process options:
  hostname=192.168.1.100 # Hostname or IP address of MGM node
  datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster  # Directory for MGM node logfiles
  
  [NDBD]             # Options for data node "A":
  # (one [NDBD] section per data node)
  HostName=192.168.1.100      # Hostname or IP address
  DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data  # Directory for this data node's datafiles
  
  [NDBD]             # Options for data node "B":
  hostname=192.168.1.200      # Hostname or IP address
  datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  # Directory for this data node's datafiles
  
  [MYSQLD]             # SQL node options:
  hostname=192.168.1.100     # Hostname or IP address
  # Directory for SQL node's datafiles
  # (additional mysqld connections can be
  # specified for this node for various
  # purposes such as running ndb_restore)
  
  [MYSQLD] # SQL node options:
  hostname=192.168.1.200     # Hostname or IP address
  # Directory for SQL node's datafiles
  # (additional mysqld connections can be
  # specified for this node for various
  # purposes such as running ndb_restore)
  
  第一次启动
  
  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
  
  shell> ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
  
  在两台主机上执行如下过程
  
  shell>ndbd –initial (note:--initial选项只能在第一次启动的时候使用)
  shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server start
  
  测试
  
  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
  shell> ndb_mgm
  -- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
  ndb_mgm> show
  Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
  Cluster Configuration
  ---------------------
  [ndbd(NDB)]   2 node(s)
  id=2  @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
  id=3  @192.168.0.200 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)
  
  [ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
  id=1  @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12)
  
  [mysqld(SQL)]  1 node(s)
  id=4  (Version: 4.1.12)
  
  出现如上信息则表示mysql群集安装成功
  
  数据抽样测试
  
  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
  
  shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root test
  MySQL>DROP TABLE IF EXISTS City;
  CREATE TABLE City (
  ID int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  Name char(35) NOT NULL default '',
  CountryCode char(3) NOT NULL default '',
  District char(20) NOT NULL default '',
  Population int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (ID)
  ) ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER;
  
  MySQL>INSERT INTO City VALUES (1,'Kabul','AFG','Kabol',1780000);
  INSERT INTO City VALUES (2,'Qandahar','AFG','Qandahar',237500);
  INSERT INTO City VALUES (3,'Herat','AFG','Herat',186800);
  
  在主机ndb2_sqld2上执行如下过程
  
  shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root mysql
  MySQSL>select * from City;
  
  如果成功显示数据信息,则表示集群已经成功启动
  
  Safe Shutdown and Restart
  
  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
  
  shell>ndb_mgm -e shutdown (关闭集群服务器,storage node也会自动被关闭)
  
  在两台主机上执行如下过程
  
  shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server stop
  
  重新启动集群(顺序不能弄错)
  
  在主机ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上执行如下过程
  
  shell> ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini
  
  在两台主机上执行如下过程
  
  shell>/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd
  
  启动完ndbd进程后启动sqld进程
  
  shell>/etc/init.d/mysql.server start
  
  附:
  
  config.ini中各部分解释
  
  [COMPUTER]: 定义群集主机.
  
  [NDBD]: 定义群集数据节点.
  
  [MYSQLD]: 定义Sql server节点.
  
  [MGM|NDB_MGMD]: Defines the management server node in the cluster.
  [TCP]: Defines TCP/IP connections between nodes in the cluster, with TCP/IP being the default connection protocol.
  [SHM]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes. 在MySQL 4.1.9之前,这个功能必须使用--with-ndb-shm option编译进去, 从MySQL 4.1.9-max版本开始, it is enabled by default 本文作者:
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